Head and Neck Cancer on the Rise

Head and neck cancers are found in the oral cavity, the pharynx (throat), the larynx (voicebox), the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity, and salivary glands. While more than 75 percent of these cancers are caused by tobacco and alcohol use, the incidence rate for HPV-related cases has increased in the last decade. Furthermore, approximately 70 percent of cancers in the oropharynx (back of the throat, including the base of the tongue and tonsils) are caused by HPV.

As with all cancers, early detection is key. Since many people may not see a primary care physician even once a year, regular dental visits (twice yearly) are crucial to catching oropharyngeal cancers. Here’s a list of some possible signs and symptoms of oropharyngeal cancers to watch for:

• A sore in the mouth that does not heal (most common symptom)
• Pain in the mouth that doesn’t go away (also very common)
• A lump or thickening in the cheek
• A white or red patch on the gums, tongue, tonsil, or lining of the mouth
• A sore throat or a feeling that something is caught in the throat that doesn’t go away
• Trouble chewing or swallowing
• Trouble moving the jaw or tongue
• Numbness of the tongue or other area of the mouth
• Swelling of the jaw that causes dentures to fit poorly or become uncomfortable
• Loosening of the teeth or pain around the teeth or jaw
• Voice changes
• A lump or mass in the neck
• Weight loss
• Constant bad breath

If you notice any of these signs as described by the American Cancer Society – especially if they last more than two weeks – make an appointment to see your physician or dentist. When found early, head and neck cancers can be kept from spreading to other parts of your body, and your chances of survival are much greater.

Sources: American Cancer Society, National Cancer Institute